{"id":798,"date":"2012-06-12T03:20:44","date_gmt":"2012-06-12T07:20:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/?page_id=798"},"modified":"2012-06-12T03:20:44","modified_gmt":"2012-06-12T07:20:44","slug":"nathan-andrew-j-chinese","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/about-liu-xia\/nathan-andrew-j\/nathan-andrew-j-chinese\/","title":{"rendered":"Nathan, Andrew J. (Chinese)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_275\" style=\"width: 153px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/andrew_nathan.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-275\" class=\"size-full wp-image-275\" title=\"andrew_nathan\" src=\"http:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/andrew_nathan.jpg\" alt=\"Andrew James Nathan\" width=\"143\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/andrew_nathan.jpg 143w, https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/andrew_nathan-111x150.jpg 111w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 143px) 100vw, 143px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-275\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew James Nathan<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>\u8ad6\u5289\u971e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.columbia.edu\/cu\/polisci\/fac-bios\/nathan\/faculty.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u9ece\u53cb\u5b89\uff08Andrew J. Nathan\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388<\/p>\n<p>\u5289\u971e\u6700\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u548c\u5e73\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u9577\u671f\u906d\u53d7\u8edf\u7981\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u5f9e\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u734e\u4ee5\u4f86\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u906d\u4e2d\u570b\u7576\u5c40\u975e\u6cd5\u8edf\u7981\u3002\u5289\u971e\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5979\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u570b\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5289\u971e\u57281959\u5e74\u751f\u65bc\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5979\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u85dd\u8853\u548c\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u6d3e\u6587\u5b78\u85dd\u8853\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5289\u971e\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u6642\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u4e00\u54e1\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5979\u611b\u4e0a\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u3002\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u96a8\u5f8c\u642c\u5165\u4e86\u5289\u971e\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u5bd3\u5c6c\u65bc\u5289\u971e\u66fe\u7d93\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u7a05\u52d9\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u6027\u683c\u4e0a\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5289\u971e\u66fe\u7d93\u544a\u8a34\u897f\u65b9\u8a18\u8005\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ecb\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u6211\u5f77\u4f5b\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8ac7\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u6211\u4e08\u592b\u77e5\u9053\u653f\u6cbb\u5f15\u4e0d\u8d77\u6211\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u201d<sup>1 <\/sup>\u5d14\u885b\u5e73\u5728\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u5716\u9304\u6240\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8ac7\u5230\u4e86\u5979\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u6372\u51651989\u5e74\u7684\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u653f\u6cbb\u98a8\u6ce2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5728\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f8c\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u88ab\u76e3\u7981\u671f\u9593\uff081089-91\uff09\u548c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u672a\u77e5\u5730\u9ede\u906d\u8edf\u7981\u671f\u9593\uff081995-96\uff09\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u30021996\u5e74\u7576\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u52de\u52d5\u6559\u990a\u6642\uff0c\u5289\u971e\u5411\u52de\u6559\u6240\u7533\u8acb\u8207\u4ed6\u7d50\u5a5a\u3002\u5289\u971e\u8207\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u5979\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u5176\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u5979\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u81ea1989\u5e74\u8d77\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u88ab\u7981\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5979\u4e26\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u7c3d\u7f72\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300b\uff1b\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300b\u9019\u4e00\u81ea\u7531\u5ba3\u8a00\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6700\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u76e3\u7981\uff0c\u4ed6\u65bc2009\u5e7412\u6708\u88ab\u5224\u5165\u7344\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c45\u4f0a\u00b7\u7d22\u723e\u66fc\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u6b64\u6b21\u5c55\u51fa\u4e2d\u7684\u5091\u51fa\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u4e26\u7372\u5f97\u5289\u971e\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\u5c07\u5176\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7167\u7247\u70ba\u5289\u971e1996-1999\u5e74\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u52de\u52d5\u6559\u990a\u6642\u6240\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u89ba\u5947\u602a\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u548c\u9707\u52d5\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u5176\u5167\u5bb9\u548c\u98a8\u683c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f9e\u5176\u5275\u4f5c\u3001\u88ab\u7981\u548c\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u7576\u4eca\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u6975\u70ba\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2022<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.columbia.edu\/cu\/polisci\/fac-bios\/nathan\/faculty.html\" target=\"_blank\">Andrew J. Nathan<\/a>,\u00a0Class of 1919 Professor of Political Science, Columbia University,\u00a0served as chair of the Department of Political Science, 2003-2006. He is co-chair of the board, Human Rights in China, a member of the board of Freedom House, and a member of the Advisory Committee of Human Rights Watch, Asia, which he chaired, 1995-2000.\u00a0 He is the regular Asia book reviewer for\u00a0<em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>\u00a0magazine and a member of the editorial boards of the\u00a0<em>Journal of Democracy<\/em>,\u00a0<em>The China Quarterly<\/em>,\u00a0<em>The Journal of Contemporary China<\/em>,\u00a0<em>China Information<\/em>, and others.\u00a0Nathan\u2019s books include\u00a0<em>Peking Politics, 1918-1923<\/em>\u00a0(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976);\u00a0<em>Chinese Democracy<\/em>\u00a0(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1985);\u00a0<em>Popular Culture in Late Imperial China<\/em>, co-edited with David Johnson and Evelyn S. Rawski (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985);\u00a0<em>Human Rights in Contemporary China<\/em>, with R. Randle Edwards and Louis Henkin (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986);\u00a0<em>China\u2019s Crisis<\/em>\u00a0(New York: Columbia University Press, 1990);\u00a0<em>The Great Wall and the Empty Fortress: China\u2019s Search for Security<\/em>, with Robert S. Ross (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997);\u00a0<em>China\u2019s Transition<\/em>\u00a0(New York: Columbia University Press, 1997); and\u00a0<em>The Tiananmen Paper<\/em>s, co-edited with Perry Link (New York: Public Affairs, 2001).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2022<\/p>\n<address>(This essay was written especially for the catalogue of\u00a0<a title=\"New York, USA 2012\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/exhibition\/exhibition-info-itinerary\/new-york-usa-2012\/\">the 2012 New York showing<\/a>\u00a0of the exhibition\u00a0\u201cThe Silent Strength of Liu Xia\u201d at\u00a0the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America, based at Columbia University in New York City. It was included in the catalogue of\u00a0<a title=\"Hong Kong 2012\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/exhibition\/exhibition-info-itinerary\/silent-strength-in-hong-kong-2012\/\" target=\"_blank\">the 2012 Hong Kong showing<\/a>\u00a0of the exhibition at\u00a0the City University of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Arts Centre as well.\u00a0Translation by\u00a0CHEN Biao, coordinator of the ICPC Freedom to Write and Literature\u00a0Exchange Committee.\u00a0Text copyright \u00a9 2012 by Andrew J. Nathan. All rights reserved.)<\/address>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p id=\"caption-attachment-275\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andrew James Nathan<\/p>\n<p>\u8ad6\u5289\u971e<\/p>\n<p>\u9ece\u53cb\u5b89\uff08Andrew J. Nathan\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u6559\u6388<\/p>\n<p>\u5289\u971e\u6700\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u548c\u5e73\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u9577\u671f\u906d\u53d7\u8edf\u7981\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u5f9e\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u734e\u4ee5\u4f86\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u906d\u4e2d\u570b\u7576\u5c40\u975e\u6cd5\u8edf\u7981\u3002\u5289\u971e\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e16\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u5979\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u570b\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5289\u971e\u57281959\u5e74\u751f\u65bc\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5979\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u85dd\u8853\u548c\u5beb\u4f5c\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u5c0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u6d3e\u6587\u5b78\u85dd\u8853\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5289\u971e\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u6642\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u4e00\u54e1\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5979\u611b\u4e0a\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u3002\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u96a8\u5f8c\u642c\u5165\u4e86\u5289\u971e\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u5bd3\u5c6c\u65bc\u5289\u971e\u66fe\u7d93\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u7a05\u52d9\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u6027\u683c\u4e0a\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5289\u971e\u66fe\u7d93\u544a\u8a34\u897f\u65b9\u8a18\u8005\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ecb\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u6211\u5f77\u4f5b\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8ac7\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u6211\u4e08\u592b\u77e5\u9053\u653f\u6cbb\u5f15\u4e0d\u8d77\u6211\u7684\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u201d1 \u5d14\u885b\u5e73\u5728\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u5716\u9304\u6240\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8ac7\u5230\u4e86\u5979\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u6372\u51651989\u5e74\u7684\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u653f\u6cbb\u98a8\u6ce2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5728\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f8c\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u88ab\u76e3\u7981\u671f\u9593\uff081089-91\uff09\u548c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u672a\u77e5\u5730\u9ede\u906d\u8edf\u7981\u671f\u9593\uff081995-96\uff09\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u30021996\u5e74\u7576\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u52de\u52d5\u6559\u990a\u6642\uff0c\u5289\u971e\u5411\u52de\u6559\u6240\u7533\u8acb\u8207\u4ed6\u7d50\u5a5a\u3002\u5289\u971e\u8207\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u5979\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u5176\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u5979\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u81ea1989\u5e74\u8d77\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u88ab\u7981\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5979\u4e26\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u7c3d\u7f72\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300b\uff1b\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300b\u9019\u4e00\u81ea\u7531\u5ba3\u8a00\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6700\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u76e3\u7981\uff0c\u4ed6\u65bc2009\u5e7412\u6708\u88ab\u5224\u5165\u7344\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c45\u4f0a\u00b7\u7d22\u723e\u66fc\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u6b64\u6b21\u5c55\u51fa\u4e2d\u7684\u5091\u51fa\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u4e26\u7372\u5f97\u5289\u971e\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\u5c07\u5176\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7167\u7247\u70ba\u5289\u971e1996-1999\u5e74\u5289\u66c9\u6ce2\u52de\u52d5\u6559\u990a\u6642\u6240\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u89ba\u5947\u602a\u3001\u4e0d\u5b89\u548c\u9707\u52d5\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u5176\u5167\u5bb9\u548c\u98a8\u683c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f9e\u5176\u5275\u4f5c\u3001\u88ab\u7981\u548c\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u7576\u4eca\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u6975\u70ba\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u2022<\/p>\n<p>Andrew J. Nathan, Class of 1919 Professor of Political Science, Columbia University, served as chair of the Department of Political Science, 2003-2006. He is co-chair of the board, Human Rights in China, a member of the board of [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":271,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-798","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=798"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/798\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nearbycafe.com\/artandphoto\/liuxiaphotos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}